Population
Fetuses with cardiac and extracardiac pathologies, including intrauterine growth restriction and twin-twin…
Design
Review
Authors
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AoI Doppler indices may refine fetal hemodynamic monitoring; leaves open prospective validation against outcomes.
The aortic isthmus Doppler waveform reflects complex fetal haemodynamics, but its multifactorial origin currently limits clear clinical utility, warranting further research.
Tynan et al. (2016) studied this question.
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