Population
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on chronic hemodialysis
Design
Review
Authors
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Supports holistic evaluation of heart failure in dialysis patients; leaves open mechanism-specific intervention trials.
This review highlights the complex, multifactorial mechanisms—including volume overload, hypertension, anemia, and vascular access flow—that drive the high incidence of congestive heart failure in ESRD patients on chronic hemodialysis.
Malík et al. (2009) studied this question.
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