Why the study?
Tissue tropism and severity of EV-A71 disease are determined by several factors, among which the virus receptor is thought to be important.
Mouse Scarb2 is the essential receptor mediating EV-A71 infection in neonatal mice, with its age-dependent downregulation explaining the narrowing susceptibility window.
mScarb2 permits low-efficiency EV-A71 infection in neonatal mice; leaves open its role in human disease and model translatability.
EV-A71 infects humans naturally but can also infect neonatal mice. The tissue tropism and severity of EV-A71 disease are determined by several factors, among which the virus receptor is thought to be important. We show that EV-A71 can infect neonatal mice using mScarb2. However, the infection efficiency of WT strains via mScarb2 is so low that an elevated virus-receptor interaction associated with mouse adaptation mutation and decrease in mScarb2 expression level during development modulate the severity of the disease, the spread of virus, and the susceptibility period in the artificial neonatal mice model.
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Miwatashi et al. (2022) studied this question.
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