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November 14, 2022International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthOpen Access

The general population showed high incidences of MetS profiles, including 69.4% diabetes, 85.5% hypothyroidism, and 92.2% obesity, with men exhibiting higher cardiac risk due to elevated triglycerides and low HDL-C compared to women.

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Why the study?

The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome profiles regarding sex, age, and obesity as risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a general population in Saudi Arabia.

Population

General population participants with variant ages and BMI in Saudi Arabia

Comparison

Stratification by sex, age, and obesity status

Design

Record study

Authors

AAAhmed Ezzat AhmedAAAwad S. AlsamghanMMMaha Abdullah Momenah

Discussion

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Overview

Provides Saudi MetS prevalence data by sex/age/obesity; leaves open prospective CVD outcome validation.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the prevalence and distribution of metabolic syndrome components and cardiometabolic risk markers across different age, sex, and obesity categories.
  • Conducted a clinical record study in 2020 at a polyclinic in Abha, Saudi Arabia, evaluating adult participants with varying ages and body mass indexes.
  • Measured serobiochemical markers including fasting glucose, HbA1c, lipid profiles, vitamin D, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine, hemoglobin, and creatinine.
  • Calculated atherogenic indices (Castelli risk indices I and II, atherogenic index of plasma, atherogenic coefficient) and the triglyceride-glucose insulin-resistance index.
  • The population showed high overall prevalence of obesity (92.2%), hypothyroidism (85.5%), and diabetes (69.4%), with 66.1% of mixed-hypercholesterolemic individuals presenting with diabetes.
  • Men demonstrated more severe dyslipidemia with higher triglycerides, elevated LDL cholesterol, reduced HDL cholesterol, and higher atherogenic risk scores compared to women.
  • Women had higher overall rates of hypothyroidism across all ages, while those under 40 years also showed high rates of anemia and vitamin D deficiency.

Structured PICO

P
Population
General population with variant ages and BMI, including mixed hypercholesterolemic populations, in Asir, Saudi Arabia.
O
Outcome
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) profiles and cardiac risk indices based on sex, age, and obesity.surrogate

In a Saudi Arabian polyclinic population, metabolic syndrome components such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, and obesity were highly prevalent, with men showing higher atherogenic dyslipidemia and associated cardiac risk.

Cite This Study

Ahmed et al. (2022) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a709552c92390ac2d07cd2ehttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214985
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Age and Gender-Specific Pattern of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Saudi Arabia: A Subgroup Analysis from the Heart Health Promotion Study2023 · 9 citations
  2. 2The Interplay of Diet, Lifestyle, and Metabolic Risk Among Saudi Adults with Metabolic Syndrome2025
  3. 3Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Associated Estimated Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Adult Volunteers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia2023
  4. 4Effects of Age, Metabolic and Socioeconomic Factors on Cardiovascular Risk among Saudi Women: A Subgroup Analysis from the Heart Health Promotion Study2023 · 7 citations
  5. 5Sex differences in prevalence of metabolic syndrome components and contributing factors among psychiatric patients in Saudi Arabia2025