A Comparative Study on Pulmonary Function Test in Type Ii Diabetics and Non-Diabetics in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Koshi Region (Northern Bihar), India

BACKGROUND mellitus is characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia due to defects in insulin secretion, peripheral insulin action or both leads to alteration in the fat, proteins and carbohydrate metabolism of the individuals. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is with long term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs and its complications are mostly caused by macro and micro vascular damages. aim of the study was to assess the effects of chronic hyperglycaemia on lung functions, which focused on mechanical of lung dysfunction, maximal forced spirometric pulmonary function tests like FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC to be specific. AND METHODS study is a cross sectional study conducted among 90 people with type 2 diabetes and 90 people with no diabetes without risk factors that affect the lung functions. our study correlation between HbA1c and Pulmonary function is statistically significant (p value is <0. 001). Most of the with elevated levels of HbA1c had the abnormality in the pulmonary function tests mainly the restrictive pattern of the disease. The patients with diabetes have 13% normal, 79% with restrictive lung disease and 8% with obstructive lung of pulmonary function tests. In non-diabetics 79% having normal, 11% having restrictive pattern and 10 % having the pattern of lung disease. In our study both FEV1 and FVC are reduced in diabetics, in which FVC has reduced more FEV 1 so that FEV1/FVC has increased, and the ‘p’ value is significant in all the parameters according to independent t test. mellitus had a significant impact on pulmonary function tests, irrespective of smoking habits in subjects. Diabetes predominantly causes restrictive changes in the lung function tests. Chronic uncontrolled diabetes is one of the leading of lung complications. So, an intensive management will decrease the rate of death by an improved ventilator function.