Low-Fat Diet Designed for Weight Loss But Not Weight Maintenance Improves Nitric Oxide-Dependent Arteriolar Vasodilation in Obese Adults

Figures

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  Figure 1. Study flow chart.

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  Figure 2. Percent vasodilation in isolated adipose tissue arterioles at 0 (pre) and 6 weeks (post) from WL or WM diet. FID measurements corresponding to increasing intraluminal pressure gradients of 10–100 cmH2O (A and B). AchID measurements corresponding to increasing concentrations of Ach (10−9 to 10−4 M) (C and D). All measurements are presented as means ± SE. * (p < 0.05) for comparing the pre- vs. post-intervention states.

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  Figure 3. Effects of LNAME on arteriolar FID and AchID at the pre- and post-WL-intervention states. FID measurements corresponding to increasing intraluminal pressure gradients of 10–100 cmH2O in the presence or absence of LNAME (10−4 M) (A and B). AchID measurements corresponding to increasing concentrations of Ach (10−9 to 10−4 M) in the presence and absence of LNAME (10−4 M) (C and D). All measurements are presented as means ± SE. * (p < 0.05) for comparing baseline and LNAME in (A,B) and the pre- vs. post-intervention states in (C,D).

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  Figure 4. Percent vasodilation and absolute changes in arteriolar FID in response to indomethacin and LNAME at the pre- and post-WL-intervention states. FID measurements corresponding to increasing intraluminal pressure gradients of 10–100 cmH2O in the presence and absence of indomethacin (10−5 M) (A and B). Absolute changes in FID were measured in response to LNAME (10−4 M) or indomethacin (10−5 M) incubation for 30 min (C and D). All measurements are presented as means ± SE. * (p < 0.05) for comparing baseline and indomethacin in (A,B) and the pre- vs. post-intervention states in (C,D).

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  Figure 5. Effects of LNAME on arteriolar FID and AchID at the pre- and post-WM-intervention states. FID measurements corresponding to increasing intraluminal pressure gradients of 10–100 cm H2O in the presence or absence of LNAME (10−4 M) (A and B). AchID measurements corresponding to increasing concentrations of Ach (10−9 to 10−4 M) in the presence and absence of LNAME (10−4 M) (C and D). All measurements are presented as means ± SE. * (p < 0.05) for comparing baseline with LNAME.

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  Figure 6. Percent vasodilation and absolute changes in arteriolar FID in response to indomethacin and LNAME at the pre- and post-WM-intervention states. FID measurements corresponding to increasing intraluminal pressure gradients of 10–100 cmH2O in the presence and absence of indomethacin (10−5 M) (A and B). Absolute changes in FID were measured in response to LNAME (10−4 M) or indomethacin (10−5 M) incubation for 30 min (C and D). All measurements are presented as means ± SE. * (p < 0.05) for comparing baseline and indomethacin in (A,B) and the pre- vs. post-intervention states in (C,D).

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  Figure 7. NO production in isolated adipose tissue arterioles. (A) Representative fluorescence microscopy images of NO generation conditions and after LNAME incubation (10−4 M) for 30 min. (B) NO fluorescent signals were measured and expressed in arbitrary units using NIH Image J software. (C) Absolute changes in arteriolar NO fluorescence after LNAME (10−4 M) incubation in post-WL and post-WM groups relative to pre-diet NO measurements. All measures are represented as means ± SE. * (p < 0.05) for comparing baseline with LNAME in (B) and the pre- vs. post-intervention states in (C).

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  Figure 8. Serum NO (nitrate/nitrite) (A) and CRP levels (B) at the pre- and post- WL and WM intervention states. All measures represent the means ± SE.