Key result
A high-sodium DASH diet markedly decreased plasma renin activity compared to a low-sodium diet in sodium-sensitive hypertensive subjects (0.593 vs 1.299).
Why the study?
How do renin and aldosterone respond to dietary sodium interventions in sodium-sensitive versus sodium-resistant individuals?
How do renin and aldosterone respond to dietary sodium interventions in sodium-sensitive versus sodium-resistant individuals?
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system exhibits distinct responses to dietary sodium changes depending on an individual's sodium sensitivity and hypertension status.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
High-sodium DASH diet linked to lower renin activity in sodium-sensitive hypertension; hypothesis-generating and should not yet change practice.
INTRODUCTION: Sodium sensitivity (SS) is a phenomenon in which significant changes in blood pressure (BP) are observed based on sodium intake. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a critical role in sodium handling and hypertension. We identified the specific responses of renin and aldosterone based on dietary sodium intake and revealed the relationship between these hormonal changes and dietary sodium intake in patients with SS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 61 subjects were available to analyze full data including plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone. Participants were given a low-sodium DASH diet (LSD) for 7 days and a high-sodium DASH diet (HSD) for the following 7 days. RESULTS: SS was found in five (14.71%) in normotensives, and 14 (51.85%) in hypertensives. In sodium-resistant (SR) subjects, both PRA and aldosterone decreased significantly after consuming HSD. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between PRA and aldosterone in SR subjects. In contrast, only hypertensive subjects showed a marked fall in PRA after consuming HSD (1.299 ± 0.904 vs. 0.593 ± 0.479) among SS subjects. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the different responses of renin and aldosterone in SS and SR subjects based on dietary sodium intake whether or not they had hypertension.
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Shin et al. (2014) studied Sodium sensitivity and hypertension (n=61). High-sodium DASH diet vs. Low-sodium DASH diet was evaluated on Plasma renin activity (PRA). A high-sodium DASH diet markedly decreased plasma renin activity compared to a low-sodium diet in sodium-sensitive hypertensive subjects (0.593 vs 1.299).
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