Why the study?
Congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathies represent the two most important causes of paediatric heart failure in developed countries, motivating a review of its pathophysiology and clinical presentation.
Understanding the distinct pathophysiologic models of pediatric heart failure in congenital heart disease is essential for guiding therapeutic choices.
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May aid recognition of over-circulation versus pump failure in paediatric CHD-HF; leaves open prospective validation of targeted therapies.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) and cardiomyopathies represent the two most important causes of paediatric heart failure (HF) in developed countries. We made a review of the literature on pathophysiology and clinical presentation of paediatric HF in children with CHD. Two main pathophysiologic models can be identified: the 'over-circulation failure', characterised by signs and symptoms of congestion or hypoperfusion, due respectively to volume or pressure overload, and the 'pump failure'. CONCLUSIONS: The comprehension of the HF pathophysiology in paediatric patients with CHD is of paramount importance for the optimal management and for addressing the best therapeutic choices.
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Spaziani et al. (2021) studied this question.
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