Why the study?
Weight control is a cornerstone of hypertension management, making it important to understand the relationship between weight change and cardiovascular disease risk in patients with hypertension.
Does weight change (loss or gain) increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension?
Does weight change (loss or gain) increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension?
In patients with hypertension, both significant weight loss (≥10%) and weight gain (>10%) over a two-year period are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events compared to maintaining a stable weight.
Substantial weight changes associate with higher CVD risk in hypertension; leaves open optimal targets and causality for trials.
Background: Weight control is a cornerstone of hypertension management. Therefore, it is important to understand the relationship of weight change to risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among patients with hypertension. We aimed to investigate the association of weight change with the risk of CVD, stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) among patients with hypertension. Methods: We obtained the data from medical records of the Hypertension Health Management Program (HMPH) in Shenzhen, China. The present study included 221 454 individuals with hypertension. Weight change over two years was divided into loss ≥10%, loss 5-10%, stable (-5 ~ 5%), gain 5-10%, and gain >10%. Cox regression analyses were applied to assess the associations of weight change groups with the risk of CVD, stroke, and MI. Results: Compared with the stable weight group (-5 ~ 5%), those with weight loss ≥10% had a higher risk of CVD (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-1.40) in the fully adjusted model. Weight gain >10% was significantly associated with a higher risk of CVD (HR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.04-1.31). In the meanwhile, participants with weight loss ≥10% had significantly higher risks of stroke (HR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.02-1.41). However, participants with weight gain >10% had an increased risk of MI (HR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.15-1.82) in the fully adjusted model. Conclusions: Weight loss or weight gain were associated with higher risks of CVD. Management of patients with hypertension requires close monitoring and appropriate interventions to achieve optimal body weight to prevent adverse outcomes.
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Liu et al. (2024) studied this question.
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