Why the study?
Does the kinetic energy expenditure of intracardiac blood differ between athletes and sedentary controls?
Population
14 athletes and 14 sedentary volunteers (controls)
Comparison
Cardiac MRI including four-dimensional… vs Sedentary controls
Design
Cross-sectional
Authors
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4D flow KE mapping feasible in athletes; leaves open whether vortex differences affect function or outcomes.
Does the kinetic energy expenditure of intracardiac blood differ between athletes and sedentary controls?
Athletes and sedentary controls have similar energy expenditure for intracardiac blood flow, indicating similar pumping efficiency despite differences in cardiac dimensions.
Steding‐Ehrenborg et al. (2015) studied this question.
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