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August 5, 2026BMC Public HealthOpen Access

Sex differences in life-course social disadvantage and all-cause mortality: evidence from a longitudinal study from 1996 to 2023

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Authors

DWDaniel Tarekegn WoredeAHAlfons Hollederer

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Overview

Longitudinal study examines social disadvantage and mortality risk in men and women, highlighting gender disparities.

Key Points

  • This research aims to investigate the impact of life-course social disadvantage on all-cause mortality, focusing on sex differences.
  • Longitudinal study using 28 years of data from the German Socioeconomic Panel (SOEP).
  • Included 112,006 adults and 660,480 person-wave observations, assessing years in the lowest socioeconomic status.
  • Cox proportional hazards models analyzed mortality risk in relation to social disadvantage for both sexes.
  • Every additional year in social disadvantage increased mortality hazard by 13% for women (HR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.07–1.19).
  • Men experienced a steeper accumulation gradient with a 15% increased mortality risk (interaction HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.04).
  • Stronger social disadvantage associations were observed in emerging adulthood for women and mid-to-late adulthood for men.

Cite This Study

Worede et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a72e84e226790f37065816dhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-28773-4
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