Key result
Participants in the highest quartile of arterial stiffness had an 85% higher risk of metabolic syndrome (RR 1.85) and a 91% higher risk of diabetes (RR 1.91) compared to the lowest quartile.
Why the study?
The risks of metabolic syndrome and diabetes due to arterial stiffness and the potential mediating mechanisms remained unclear.
Does increased arterial stiffness predict the development of metabolic syndrome and diabetes in metabolically healthy adults?
Cohort (n=4,139)
No
Does increased arterial stiffness predict the development of metabolic syndrome and diabetes in metabolically healthy adults?
Relative Risk: 1.85 (95% CI 1.41–2.42)
Absolute Event Rate: 35.2% vs 15.5%
Arterial stiffness is independently associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and diabetes, a relationship that is partially mediated by fatty liver.
Arterial stiffness may stratify metabolic risk; this observational association leaves causality and intervention targets open.
Background: Metabolic dysfunction is known to be associated with arterial stiffness. However, the risks of metabolic syndrome and diabetes due to arterial stiffness and the potential mechanism remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of arterial stiffness with the risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes, and determine whether this association is mediated by liver fat. Methods: . The primary outcomes were incident metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Results: During a median follow-up of 4.4 years, 1,022 (24.7%) and 354 (9.5%) participants developed metabolic syndrome and diabetes, respectively. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of baPWV, participants in the highest quartile had 85 and 91% higher risks of metabolic syndrome and diabetes [risk ratio (RR) 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41, 2.42 for metabolic syndrome; RR 1.91, 95% CI 1.16, 3.15 for diabetes]. Mediation analyses indicated that fatty liver significantly mediated the association of arterial stiffness with metabolic syndrome and diabetes risk. Specifically, 18.4% of metabolic syndrome and 12.6% of diabetes risk due to arterial stiffness were mediated through fatty liver. Conclusions: Arterial stiffness was associated with higher risks of metabolic syndrome and diabetes in individuals with obesity. This association may be partially mediated by fatty liver.
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Lin et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in Metabolically healthy (n=4,139). Highest quartile of arterial stiffness (baPWV) vs. Lowest quartile of arterial stiffness (baPWV) was evaluated on Incident metabolic syndrome (RR 1.85, 95% CI 1.41-2.42). Participants in the highest quartile of arterial stiffness had an 85% higher risk of metabolic syndrome (RR 1.85) and a 91% higher risk of diabetes (RR 1.91) compared to the lowest quartile.
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