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July 24, 2020Open Access

The gameful breathing training app Breeze effectively guided users to 6 breaths per minute and significantly increased HRV measures (RMSSD) compared with baseline (P<.001).

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Why the study?

Classic slow-paced breathing training has low retention rates, and no validated mobile gameful breathing training featuring breathing-based biofeedback existed.

Does a mobile gameful breathing training app (Breeze) improve HRV-derived measures compared with baseline and standard breathing training?

Population

16 participants in a pilot study

Comparison

Breeze app vs baseline vs standard breathing training deployed on a smartphone

Design

Within-subject experiment

Key result

The gameful breathing training app Breeze effectively guided users to 6 breaths per minute and significantly increased HRV measures (RMSSD) compared with baseline (P<.001).

Authors

YLYanick Xavier LukicCSChen-Hsuan Iris ShihÁRÁlvaro Hernández Reguera

Discussion

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Overview

Gameful smartphone breathing app sustains 6 BPM efficacy and HRV gains; leaves open real-world adherence and scalability in larger trials.

Structured PICO

Does a mobile gameful breathing training app (Breeze) improve HRV-derived measures compared with baseline and standard breathing training?

P
Population
16 participants evaluated the gameful breathing training app Breeze in a pilot study.
I
Intervention
Mobile gameful breathing training app (Breeze)
C
Comparator
Baseline and standard breathing training deployed on a smartphone
O
Outcome
Breathing rates and heart rate variability (HRV)-derived measures (e.g., root mean square of the successive differences [RMSSD])surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=<.001

A gameful breathing training app successfully maintained efficacy in slowing breathing rates and increasing HRV, offering a potentially more engaging alternative to standard breathing apps.

Limitations

  • Weaker clarity of breathing instructions compared with a standard breathing training app
  • Weaker clarity of breathing instructions when compared with a standard breathing training app

Cite This Study

Lukic et al. (2020) studied this question. Breeze (gameful breathing training app) vs. Baseline and standard breathing training was evaluated on Heart rate variability (HRV) measures (RMSSD) (p=<.001). The gameful breathing training app Breeze effectively guided users to 6 breaths per minute and significantly increased HRV measures (RMSSD) compared with baseline (P<.001).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a734f7a30bc69be694e5372https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.22802
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Physiological Responses and User Feedback on a Gameful Breathing Training App: Within-Subject Experiment2020 · 28 citations
  2. 2Breathing as Input Modality in a Gameful Breathing Training App: Development and Evaluation of Breeze 2 (Preprint)2022 · 2 citations
  3. 3Breathing as an Input Modality in a Gameful Breathing Training App (Breeze 2): Development and Evaluation Study2022 · 37 citations
  4. 4User-Centred Design and Usability Evaluation of a Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Game2016 · 28 citations
  5. 5Evaluating the Role of Breathing Guidance on Game-Based Interventions for Relaxation Training2021 · 17 citations