Key result
AT2 receptor activation lowers blood pressure by ~35 mmHg acutely and curbs experimental renal damage.
Why the study?
Does angiotensin AT2 receptor activation improve natriuresis, lower blood pressure, and attenuate renal target organ damage in experimental models of hypertension and metabolic syndrome?
Does angiotensin AT2 receptor activation improve natriuresis, lower blood pressure, and attenuate renal target organ damage in experimental models of hypertension and metabolic syndrome?
This review highlights preclinical evidence that selective AT2R agonists promote sustained natriuresis, lower blood pressure, and reduce renal organ damage, supporting their potential as novel antihypertensive and renoprotective therapies.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review updates major new findings and concepts introduced during the past year on the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) subtype 2 receptors (AT2Rs) in the control of blood pressure and renal function. RECENT FINDINGS: AT2R activation prevents sodium (Na) retention and lowers blood pressure in the Ang II infusion model of experimental hypertension and prevents salt-sensitive hypertension in the obese Zucker rat model of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Ang II metabolite, des-aspartyl-Ang II (Ang III) is the predominant AT2R agonist in the kidney and possibly also in the vasculature; a novel synthetic Ang III peptide, β-Pro-Ang III, is vasodepressor and lowers blood pressure in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats in the presence of low-level Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockade. Because nitric oxide is a product of AT2R activation, a potential feed-forward loop, wherein nitric oxide increases AT2R transcription, may reinforce the beneficial actions of AT2R in the long term. AT2R activation also reduces proteinuria and oxidative stress in glomerulosclerotic kidneys of high-salt obese Zucker rats. SUMMARY: Studies during the past year have helped to clarify the physiological and pathophysiological roles of AT2Rs and have enhanced the promise of AT2R agonists in cardiovascular and renal disease.
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Robert M. Carey (2016) conducted a review in Hypertension and renal dysfunction (preclinical rat and mouse models). Angiotensin AT2 receptor (AT2R) agonists (e.g., Compound 21, β-Pro-Ang III, CGP42112A) was evaluated on Blood pressure control and renal sodium excretion (natriuresis). Angiotensin AT2 receptor activation prevents sodium retention, lowers blood pressure (by ~35 mmHg acutely with β-Pro-Ang III in SHR), and reduces renal target organ damage in experimental hypertension.
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