Key result
Children with ADHD exhibited significantly higher gut microbiota alpha diversity (Chao1 index SMD 0.32) and Actinobacteria levels compared to healthy controls, with no significant differences in task-related heart rate reactivity.
Why the study?
Neural systems do not wholly explain the heterogeneous presentation of ADHD, prompting an evaluation of potential multi-system markers along the heart-brain and gut-brain axes.
Comparison
Youth with ADHD vs youth without ADHD
Authors
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Gut microbiota diversity and Actinobacteria differ in ADHD youth but HRR does not; leaves open multi-system markers of emotional dysregulation for prospective study.
Meta-Analysis (n=1,134)
Standardized Mean Difference: 0.32 (95% CI 0.06–0.6)
p-value: p=0.02
Youth with ADHD exhibit altered gut microbiota profiles compared to neurotypical peers, but no significant differences in task-related heart rate reactivity, highlighting the potential role of the gut-brain axis in ADHD pathophysiology.
Payen et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (n=1,134). ADHD vs. Youth without ADHD was evaluated on Gut microbiota alpha diversity (Chao1 index) (SMD 0.32, 95% CI 0.06-0.6, p=0.02). Children with ADHD exhibited significantly higher gut microbiota alpha diversity (Chao1 index SMD 0.32) and Actinobacteria levels compared to healthy controls, with no significant differences in task-related heart rate reactivity.
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