Effect of Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy in Severe Mitral Stenosis: A Cross Sectional Study

Introduction: The inflow obstruction from the left atrium to the left ventricle due to rheumatic involvement of apparatus is the main cause of Mitral stenosis. The patients with mitral valve involvement are found to have a combination of stenosis and regurgitation. Due to the thromboembolic phenomenon, left atrial dilatation and stasis predispose thrombus formation. So, even after percutaneous treatment, the elevated pressure in MS patients causes morbidity and mortality. Aim: To assess the effect of percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) in reducing pulmonary hypertension in patients with severe mitral stenosis. Methodology: A total of 134 patients were included in the study. All of them had severe mitral stenosis with elevated pressure of more than 55 mmHg. The age range of patients was between 16 to 62 years. These patients were assessed by echocardiography post-PTMC. Age, gender, and other demographic details were also noted. Results: Mean age of patients was 36.44±11.37 years. Hypertension was found in 49 patients, and diabetes in 48 patients. Mean baseline systolic pressure was found to be 73.62+9.10 mmHg and mean artery systolic pressure was 44.09±5.06 mmHg. After the commissurotomy, the pulmonary artery systolic pressure reduced from baseline by 38.90+5.20. In 125 patients the Transvenous mitral commissurotomy was effective and in 9 patients it was ineffective. Conclusion: This study was found to be successful because it had fewer patients with pulmonary hypertension after the completion of treatment. For the reduction in mean pulmonary artery, systolic pressure balloon valvotomy is a useful technique irrespective of age and gender.