Population
6 fetal lambs at 126 to 139 days of gestation, surgically instrumented with a main pulmonary artery flow…
Comparison
Experimentally induced variations in heart rate… vs Spontaneous variations in heart rate.
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Challenges pacing to augment fetal RV output; leaves open translation of spontaneous rate effects to human fetuses.
In the fetal lamb model, experimentally induced increases in heart rate do not increase right ventricular output due to decreased end-diastolic volume and stroke volume, whereas spontaneous heart rate increases enhance output due to concurrent changes in contractility and venous return.
Anderson et al. (1987) studied this question.
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