Population
Formalin fixed specimens of bovine Achilles tendon and normal human myocardium
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Fixed myocardium anisotropy warrants clinical caution; leaves open validation in fresh or in vivo LV models.
Ultrasonic measurements demonstrate significant anisotropy in Young's modulus for both fixed tendon and myocardium, informing models of left ventricular wall mechanics.
Hoffmeister et al. (1996) studied this question.
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