What question did this study set out to answer?

To provide an epidemiological update on circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks and assess barriers to transmission interruption across affected areas.

March 7, 2019MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly ReportOpen Access

Update on Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks — Democratic Republic of the Congo and Horn of Africa, 2017–2018

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Why the study?

In underimmunized populations, transmission of Sabin oral poliovirus can lead to genetic reversion to neurovirulence and paralytic disease, prompting an update on circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks in DRC and Somalia.

Population

Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks in DRC and Somalia during 2017-2018

Design

Surveillance report update

Authors

CMChukwuma MbaeyiNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases MAMary AllemanCenters for Disease Control and Prevention DEDerek EhrhardtWorld Health Organization

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Persistent VDPV2 outbreaks signal immunization gaps; leaves open optimal eradication strategies in underimmunized populations.

Key Points

To provide an epidemiological update on circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks and assess barriers to transmission interruption across affected areas.
Epidemiologic surveillance tracking acute flaccid paralysis cases through February 26, 2019.
Environmental wastewater surveillance evaluating viral persistence alongside outbreak-response supplementary immunization activities.
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 42 type 2 cases were identified across four distinct outbreaks, with the latest paralysis onset reported on October 7, 2018.
In Somalia, 12 concurrent type 2 and type 3 cases were confirmed alongside early sewage detection, with more than 300,000 children residing in inaccessible operational zones.

Structured PICO

Population

Populations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Somalia experiencing circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) outbreaks during 2017-2018.

Outcome

Number of confirmed paralytic vaccine-derived poliovirus cases

Ongoing transmission of vaccine-derived poliovirus in underimmunized populations highlights the need for improved vaccination coverage and surveillance.

Limitations

Delays in outbreak-response supplementary immunization activities
Difficulty reaching children in all areas
Residence of >300,000 children in inaccessible areas

Cite This Study

Mbaeyi et al. (2019) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a767e5953fd60d5b195cd21 https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6809a2

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Update on Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks — Democratic Republic of the Congo and Horn of Africa, 2017–2018

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Update on Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks — Democratic Republic of the Congo and Horn of Africa, 2017–2018

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider