Circulating metabolite profiles to predict response to cardiac resynchronization therapy

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Three-dimensional PCA score plot of discovery set samples and QC samples. Yellow circles, blue triangles, green squares represent responders to CRT, non-responders to CRT and QC samples, respectively

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  Fig. 2. OPLS-DA analysis. a OPLS-DA score plot of the discovery set samples. b Validation plot of the model obtained from 99 permutation tests. c T-predicted scatter plots of the OPLS-DA model. Solid circles and squares represent non-responders and responders to CRT in the discovery set; hollow circles and squares represent non-responders and responders to CRT in the validation set

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  Fig. 3. Serum relative concentrations of defined potential biomarkers of Isoleucine (a), Tryptophan (b) and Linoleic acid (c) in the discovery and validation sets. Orange bars represent non-responders to CRT; blue bars represent responders to CRT; and *** represent P < 0.001 when compared with non-responder group. All data are expressed as mean ± S.D

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  Fig. 4. Quantification of the diagnostic performance of the metabolite panel containing Isoleucine, Tryptophan and Linoleic acid in discovery set (a) and validation set (b). The optimal cutoff value was obtained (0.5276) and applied to evaluate the prediction capacity of the current model. In validation set, QRS duration (orange curve) has an AUC of 0.643 (95% CI: 0.486–0.799) and metabolic panel (blue curve) has an AUC of 0.929 (95% CI: 0.864–0.994)

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  Fig. 5. Pathway analysis related to the differential metabolites between non-responder and responder groups. Global metabolite pathways related to the response of CRT were performed by the website of MetaboAnalyst based on all the differential metabolites listed in Table 2. The x-axis represents the pathway impact values from the pathway topology analysis, and the y-axis represents the -log transformation P values from the pathway enrichment analysis