Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
As COP30 approaches, policymakers must ensure that the integration of climate and biodiversity action by non-state and subnational actors is anchored in spatial data. Otherwise, we cannot see where change is happening, how effective it is, or who bears costs and benefits. The UNFCCC Global Climate Action and CBD Action Agenda Portals should lead by requiring spatial details on implementation, enabling more credible and participatory monitoring, analysis, and collaboration.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Hagenström et al. (2025) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: