Identification of the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Affecting Normal Phenotypic Variability in Human Craniofacial Morphology Using Candidate Gene Approach

There is a remarkable variety of human facial appearances, almost exclusively the result of genetic differences, as exemplified by the striking resemblance of identical twins. Despite intensive research on the genetics of craniofacial morphology using animal models and human craniofacial syndromes, the genetic variation that underpins normal human facial appearance is still largely elusive.