Key result
ACE D allele linked to ~35% higher odds of ischemic stroke vs controls.
Why the study?
While genetic predisposition is hypothesized to contribute to ischemic stroke risk, the influence of specific gene variants remains unclear due to inconsistent findings across studies.
Is the ACE I/D gene polymorphism associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke in a cohort from Eastern Iran?
Case-Control (n=406)
No
Is the ACE I/D gene polymorphism associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke in a cohort from Eastern Iran?
The ACE I/D gene polymorphism, specifically the D allele, is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke in an Eastern Iranian population.
ACE ID/DD genotypes were associated with IS risk in this cohort; supports hypothesis generation but should not yet alter clinical practice.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Ischemic stroke (IS), the predominant subtype of stroke, represents a complex and multifactorial disease. While a genetic predisposition is hypothesized to contribute to IS risk, the influence of specific gene variants remains unclear due to inconsistent findings across studies. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE, I/D) gene polymorphism and the occurrence of IS in a patient cohort from Eastern Iran. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Eastern Iran. The study population consisted of 406 participants, including 203 individuals diagnosed with IS and 203 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. The diagnosis of IS was established based on a comprehensive clinical evaluation, relevant laboratory analyses, neuroimaging, specifically computed tomographyو and magnetic resonance imaging. Genomic DNAs of participants were extracted from peripheral blood samples. The ACE I/D genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction amplification. RESULTS: The case group exhibited a higher prevalence of hypertension (71.4%), diabetes mellitus (33.5%), and dyslipidemia (36.9%), compared to the control group. Moreover, the mean systolic blood pressure was significantly elevated in the case group (146 mmHg) in comparison to the control group (123 mmHg). The ID and DD genotypes were more frequent in case subjects (46.6% and 36.8%, respectively) than in control subjects (40.2% and 32.6%, respectively). Conversely, the II genotype was more prevalent in control subjects (27.2%), compared to cases (16.6%). The D allele frequency was significantly higher in the case group (60.1%) than in the control group (52.7%) (p = 0.041, 95% CI: 0.554-0.988). DISCUSSION: This study demonstrated a higher prevalence of the ID and DD genotypes in individuals with IS, compared to control subjects. Furthermore, the D allele frequency was significantly elevated in the IS group.
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MiriMoghaddam et al. (2025) conducted a case-control in Ischemic stroke (n=406). Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) gene polymorphism vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on D allele frequency (OR 0.740, 95% CI 0.554-0.988, p=0.041). The D allele of the ACE gene was significantly more frequent in patients with ischemic stroke compared to healthy controls (60.1% vs 52.7%, p=0.041).
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