Key result
Noninvasive measurement of endothelial activity using acetylcholine iontophoresis discriminated between clinical groups, with higher activity in younger versus older individuals (125.4 vs 103.3 units, P<0.005).
Why the study?
Can noninvasive evaluation of endothelial activity using iontophoresis of ACH and SNP discriminate between healthy individuals and different clinical disease groups?
Cross-Sectional (n=324)
Can noninvasive evaluation of endothelial activity using iontophoresis of ACH and SNP discriminate between healthy individuals and different clinical disease groups?
Noninvasive measurement of endothelial activity using iontophoresis of ACH or SNP combined with LDF or PPG can effectively discriminate between healthy individuals and those with cardiovascular risk factors or diseases.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports noninvasive endothelial research tools; leaves open clinical adoption pending prospective validation.
BACKGROUND: Diminished endothelial activity (EA) has been associated with an increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CAD) events. METHODS: Vasodilatory responses (EA and relative distensibility [RD]) were evaluated noninvasively using iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACH) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and recorded by laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF) and photoplethysmography (PPG) among 324 patients. RESULTS: The EA after ACH iontophoresis measured by LDF was significantly higher in the younger (<50 years) group than in the older (>50 years) group, 125.4 versus 103.3 integrated arbitrary unit (P < .005). Compared to the older patients, the EA values recorded by LDF were significantly lower in patients with diabetes mellitus (64.9), hypercholesterolemia (83.3), hypertension (88.7), CAD (61.0), and peripheral artery disease (67.4). The findings of RD were similar. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that measuring EA using the iontophoresis of ACH or SNP and combined with either LDF or PPG is a viable approach that can discriminate between different clinical groups.
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Fronek et al. (2013) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy and diseased individuals (diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, CAD, PAD) (n=324). Younger age (<50 years) vs. Older age (>50 years) was evaluated on Endothelial activity after acetylcholine iontophoresis measured by laser Doppler fluxmetry (p=<.005). Noninvasive measurement of endothelial activity using acetylcholine iontophoresis discriminated between clinical groups, with higher activity in younger versus older individuals (125.4 vs 103.3 units, P<0.005).
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