This review summarizes the distinct Ca2+-dependent regulation mechanisms across five isoforms of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger.
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Isoform-specific Ca2+ regulation of NCX variants may enable selective targeting; leaves open validation for cardiovascular therapies.
Five isoforms of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger have been identified: NCX1, NCX2, NCX3, NCX-SQ1, and CALX. In all of the exchangers, the Na+/Ca2+ exchange current, which was recorded in inside-out membrane patches, was regulated by cytoplasmic Ca2+. However, the mode of regulation is different among the exchangers. NCX1, NCX2, and NCX-SQ1 are positively regulated by cytoplasmic Ca2+, but CALX is negatively regulated. NCX3 apparently has both positive and negative regulation mechanisms. In this review, I briefly summarize the Ca2+ -dependent regulation mechanisms of the exchangers.
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Satoshi Matsuoka (2004) studied this question.
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