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Examines urban mobility and passenger experience in the S-Bahn, suggesting design techniques for sustainable transport behavior.
This paper examines the passenger experience of the S-Bahn urban-suburban rail system in the Hannover metropolitan region, using autoethnographic observation and semi-structured interviews across multiple journeys on the S-1, S-2, and S-7 lines. Findings are organized through an experience-based journey map covering accessibility, comfort, efficiency, connectivity, and safety, and are structured around basic needs, performance needs, and delighters. The paper closes by proposing persuasive system design techniques such as social proof, environmental feedback, and real-time passenger feedback mechanisms to encourage sustainable public transport behavior.
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Gulshamar (2026) studied this question.
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