Key result
Acanthosis nigricans (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.12-5.23) and increased body mass index Z-score (OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.52-3.65) were independently associated with elevated blood pressure in youth.
Why the study?
The study aimed to describe the prevalence of acanthosis nigricans and high blood pressure in children and adolescents from low-income families, and to verify the association of elevated blood pressure with nutritional status and acanthosis nigricans.
Are acanthosis nigricans and overweight associated with elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents from low-income families?
Cross-Sectional (n=232)
Are acanthosis nigricans and overweight associated with elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents from low-income families?
Odds Ratio: 2.43 (95% CI 1.12–5.23)
p-value: p=0.023
Overweight and acanthosis nigricans are independently associated with a more than twofold increased risk of elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents from low-income families.
May support screening low-income youth with acanthosis nigricans; leaves open independent hypertension prediction in prospective studies.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of acanthosis nigricans and high blood pressure in children and adolescents from low-income families, and to verify the association of elevated blood pressure with nutritional status and the presence of acanthosis nigricans. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and controlled study with 232 children and adolescents from an institution for low-income families. Pubertal stage, body mass index Z-score, waist-to-height circumference ratio (increased waist-to-height circumference ratio >0.5), the presence of acanthosis nigricans, and blood pressure were assessed. RESULTS: The prevalence of excess weight and the change in waist-to-height circumference ratio was 37.9%. Acanthosis nigricans and increased blood pressure occurred in 20.3 and 34.8%, respectively. The prevalence of acanthosis nigricans and hypertension was higher in individuals with excess weight (p<0.001; p<0.001) and with an increased waist-to-height circumference ratio (p=0.009; p<0.001). Logistic regression showed a significant and independent association of body mass index Z-score (OR 2.35; 95%CI 1.52-3.65; p<0.001) and the presence of acanthosis nigricans (OR 2.43; 95%CI 1.12-5.23; p=0.023) with elevated blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Acanthosis nigricans and elevated blood pressure occurred in one-fifth and one-third of the individuals in an institution for children from low-income families. Overweight and the presence of acanthosis nigricans increased the risk of high blood pressure more than twofold.
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Victorino et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension, overweight, and acanthosis nigricans (n=232). Acanthosis nigricans vs. Absence of acanthosis nigricans was evaluated on elevated blood pressure (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.12-5.23, p=0.023). Acanthosis nigricans (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.12-5.23) and increased body mass index Z-score (OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.52-3.65) were independently associated with elevated blood pressure in youth.
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