Surgical Anatomy of the Aortic Root in the Aspect of Its Reconstruction

Highlights The presented literature review contains anatomical and topographic features of the aortic root, knowledge of which is necessary for its successful reconstruction. Abstract The purpose of this literature review is to study and determine the anatomical features of the structures and topography of the aortic root in the perspective of a reconstructive surgical approach in the treatment of the proximal thoracic aorta. A review was conducted on the anatomy and topography of the aortic root in non-operated patients, without signs of its dilation using radiation, functional diagnostic methods, as well as studies conducted on heart preparations obtained from patients who died of non-cardiac causes. The surgical features of performing reconstructive interventions on the aortic root, taking into account the peculiarities of its anatomy, are also considered. The area of the aortic root is anatomically variable, depending on anthropometric data, race, gender, etc. To successfully perform the reconstruction of the aortic root, it is necessary to achieve certain indexed values between its structures. Absolute knowledge and understanding of the surgical anatomy of the aortic root are necessary for the successful implementation of its reconstruction.