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August 10, 2026Frontiers in ParasitologyOpen Access

Angiotensin II inhibits Plasmodium falciparum invasion in vitro without activating AT1 or AT2 receptors.

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Why the study?

To explore angiotensin II as an antiplasmodial agent, the IC 50 against P. falciparum needed to be evaluated against the threshold concentration for AT 1 R activation, which had no previously published reports.

Population

Pf-infected RBCs (schizonts) and human brain microvascular endothelial cell line

Comparison

Four concentrations of Ang II and Ang II from 10 –9 M to 10 –7 M

Design

In vitro experimental study

Follow-up

16 hours

Key result

Angiotensin II at a concentration of 10^-6 M significantly inhibited Plasmodium falciparum invasion in vitro (p=0.0013) without significantly activating AT1 and AT2 receptors.

Authors

ADAuley DeATAparna TiwariMAMedha Agarwal

Discussion

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Overview

In vitro Ang II peptide data support further antiplasmodial exploration; leaves open clinical translation pending in vivo safety and efficacy trials.

Structured PICO

P
Population
In vitro study using Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain and human brain microvascular endothelial cell line (HBEC5i) to assess the anti-invasive effects of Angiotensin II and its receptor activation thresholds.
I
Intervention
Angiotensin II at various concentrations (four concentrations for invasion assay; 10^-9 M to 10^-7 M for receptor activation assay)
O
Outcome
Inhibition of P. falciparum invasion and activation of AT1R and AT2R (measured by calcium and cGMP signaling assays)surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=0.0013

Angiotensin II inhibits Plasmodium falciparum invasion at a concentration of 10^-6 M, which appears to be below the threshold for significant AT1R activation in vitro.

Limitations

  • No positive control for Ang II activation was used
  • AT1 and AT2 receptor blockers were not used
  • Experiments were performed in media supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS) which may degrade Ang II
  • The minimum effective Ang II concentration required for AT1R activation remains unanswered which demands further improvement in experimental designs.

Cite This Study

De et al. (2026) studied Plasmodium falciparum infection. Angiotensin II vs. Negative control (no Angiotensin II) was evaluated on Plasmodium falciparum invasion inhibition (p=0.0013). Angiotensin II at a concentration of 10^-6 M significantly inhibited Plasmodium falciparum invasion in vitro (p=0.0013) without significantly activating AT1 and AT2 receptors.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7e8077b2811efa75cd9b2chttps://doi.org/10.3389/fpara.2026.1852476
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Also Consider

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