Left Atrium a Microscope for Left Ventricle: Left Atrial Expansion Index (LAEI) One of the Lens: What can We See with this?

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Editorial. Population: Cardiovascular compromise and left atrial/ventricular dysfunction. Intervention: Left Atrial Expansion Index (LAEI) assessment via echocardiography.

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Left atrial expansion index (LAEI) serves as a valuable echocardiographic parameter for early diagnosis and prognostication of diastolic dysfunction, elevated filling pressures, and adverse cardiac events. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Goverdhan D Puri; Minati Choudhury

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10034-1125

January 27, 2023Journal of Perioperative EchocardiographyOpen Access

Left Atrium a Microscope for Left Ventricle: Left Atrial Expansion Index (LAEI) One of the Lens: What can We See with this?

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Key Points

To review the physiological principles, measurement methods, and clinical utility of the left atrial expansion index (LAEI) as an echocardiographic marker of cardiac function.
Editorial commentary synthesizing clinical and echocardiographic literature on left atrial volumetric and phasic function parameters.
Defines LAEI calculation as total emptying volume divided by minimum left atrial volume multiplied by 100 (TEV / Vmin × 100) using 2D and 3D echocardiography.
Highlights LAEI as an indicator of left atrial reservoir function and compliance that independently predicts elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP).
Notes evidence that LAEI differentiated moderate from severe mitral regurgitation, predicted heart failure and mortality in severe ventricular dysfunction, and declined in failing versus functional Fontan circulation (23.5 ± 13.5 vs 59.5 ± 8.7, p < 0.01).

Structured PICO

I

Intervention

Echocardiographic assessment of Left Atrial Expansion Index (LAEI), calculated as (Vmax - Vmin) / Vmin × 100

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Implication

This editorial highlights the utility of the Left Atrial Expansion Index (LAEI) on echocardiography as an early indicator of atrial remodeling, diastolic dysfunction, elevated filling pressures, and adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Abstract

EDITORIALVmax (max LA volume), measured at the T wave end and one frame before mitral valve opening, Vmin (minimum LA volume), measured in the first frame after mitral valve closure at QRS wave beginning, and VpreA, measured at the P wave beginning and one frame before mitral valve reopening.Using these measurements, LA function can be assessed using the following parameters: LA Total Emptying Volume (TEV) = Vmax -Vmin, LA Total Emptying Fraction (TEF) = TEV / Vmax 100, LA Active Emptying Volume (AEV) = VpreA-Vmin, LA Active Emptying Fraction (AEF) = AEV / VpreA 100 LA Passive Emptying Fraction (PEF) = (Vmax -VpreA) / Vmax 100, LA Expansion Index (EI) = TEV/ Vmin 100, LA maximum volume index (LAVI) = Vmax / Body Surface Area.

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Cite This Study

Puri et al. (2023) conducted an editorial in Cardiovascular compromise and left atrial/ventricular dysfunction. Left Atrial Expansion Index (LAEI) assessment via echocardiography was evaluated.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7f0ecfad7bbf6c1bd0abc5 https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10034-1125

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Left Atrium a Microscope for Left Ventricle: Left Atrial Expansion Index (LAEI) One of the Lens: What can We See with this?

Key Points

Structured PICO

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Left Atrium a Microscope for Left Ventricle: Left Atrial Expansion Index (LAEI) One of the Lens: What can We See with this?

Key Points

Structured PICO

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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