What question did this study set out to answer?

To determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and the risk of specific stroke subtypes in young and middle-aged women.

June 1, 1988Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Stroke in Middle-Aged Women

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Why the study?

Does cigarette smoking increase the risk of stroke in young and middle-aged women?

Key Points

To determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and the risk of specific stroke subtypes in young and middle-aged women.
Prospective cohort study following 118,539 women aged 30 to 55 years without baseline coronary heart disease, stroke, or cancer in 1976.
Tracked stroke outcomes across 8 years of follow-up (totaling 908,447 person-years), identifying 274 incident strokes.
Adjusted for confounding variables including age, relative weight, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, oral contraceptive use, postmenopausal estrogen therapy, and alcohol intake.
Light-to-moderate smoking (1 to 14 cigarettes/day) was associated with an age-adjusted relative risk (RR) of stroke of 2.2 (95% CI, 1.5 to 3.3) compared with never smoking.
Heavy smoking (≥25 cigarettes/day) elevated overall stroke risk to an RR of 3.7 (95% CI, 2.7 to 5.1) and subarachnoid hemorrhage risk to an RR of 9.8 (95% CI, 5.3 to 17.9).
Multivariable adjustment for cardiovascular and hormonal risk factors did not appreciably alter the strong association between smoking and stroke incidence.

Structured PICO

Does cigarette smoking increase the risk of stroke in young and middle-aged women?

Population

118,539 women, 30 to 55 years of age, free from coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer at baseline in 1976.

Intervention

Cigarette smoking (categorized by amount, including 1 to 14 cigarettes per day and 25 or more cigarettes per day).

Comparator

Women who had never smoked.

Outcome

Incidence of stroke (including subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and thromboembolic stroke) over 8 years of follow-up.hard clinical

Cigarette smoking is strongly and dose-dependently associated with an increased risk of stroke, particularly subarachnoid hemorrhage, in young and middle-aged women.

Discussion

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Implication

Heavy smoking was associated with elevated stroke risk in young women; extends observational data but should not yet change practice without RCTs.

Cite This Study

Colditz et al. (1988) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7f49718b768b9c059d2da8 https://doi.org/10.1097/00008483-198806000-00006

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Implication

Heavy smoking was associated with elevated stroke risk in young women; extends observational data but should not yet change practice without RCTs.

Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Stroke in Middle-Aged Women

Key Points

Structured PICO

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Stroke in Middle-Aged Women

Key Points

Structured PICO

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider