What question did this study set out to answer?

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To determine the short- and long-term risks of neurological disorders and healthcare service utilization following childhood enteroviral meningitis.

December 10, 2024Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

Neurological Disorders and Use of Healthcare Services After Enteroviral Meningitis in Childhood: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study

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Why the study?

Little data exist on the long-term risks of neurological disorders and healthcare service utilization following enteroviral meningitis in childhood.

Does enteroviral meningitis in childhood increase the risk of neurological disorders compared to a matched cohort?

Population

925 children aged <17 years with enteroviral meningitis, a comparison cohort, and sibling cohort

Comparison

Children with enteroviral meningitis vs comparison cohort and siblings

Design

Nationwide population-based registry-based matched cohort study

Follow-up

Years 1-20 of follow-up

Authors

EGEmma Eileen GrahamCopenhagen University Hospital MTMalte M. TetensCopenhagen University Hospital JBJacob BodilsenUniversity of Copenhagen

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Should not yet change routine follow-up given generally good prognosis; leaves open causality amid possible confounding by prior morbidity or healthcare-seeking.

Key Points

To determine the short- and long-term risks of neurological disorders and healthcare service utilization following childhood enteroviral meningitis.
Nationwide, population-based matched cohort study (1997–2021) evaluating 925 children aged <17 years diagnosed with enteroviral meningitis, alongside matched general population and sibling cohorts.
Followed individuals across 1 to 20 years to estimate 1-year cumulative incidence, age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for neurological disorders, and annual usage of antiepileptic drugs and healthcare services.
Young infants (0 to <90 days) had a 1-year cumulative incidence of neurological disorders of 1.4% versus 0.6% in comparison individuals, with a 1- to 20-year aHR of 2.0 (95% CI: 1.2–3.2).
Older children (≥90 days to <17 years) demonstrated a 1-year cumulative incidence of 1.5% versus 0.4% in controls, and a 1- to 20-year aHR of 1.7 (95% CI: 1.0–2.8).
Older children and their unaffected siblings exhibited increased healthcare service and antiepileptic drug utilization both before and after the enteroviral meningitis episode.

Structured PICO

Does enteroviral meningitis in childhood increase the risk of neurological disorders compared to a matched cohort?

Population

925 children with enteroviral meningitis aged <17 years, a comparison cohort, and a cohort of siblings of all individuals

Intervention

Enteroviral meningitis (exposure)

Comparator

Comparison cohort and a cohort of siblings

Outcome

Short- and long-term risks of neurological disorders (1-year cumulative incidences and age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios during years 1-20 of follow-up)hard clinical

Enteroviral meningitis in childhood is associated with a slightly increased long-term risk of neurological disorders, though the overall prognosis remains generally good.

Limitations

Estimates in older children may be confounded by prior neurological morbidity or increased healthcare-seeking behavior

Cite This Study

Graham et al. (2024) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7f4ee71d68e8a5056a964f https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piae125

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Implication

Should not yet change routine follow-up given generally good prognosis; leaves open causality amid possible confounding by prior morbidity or healthcare-seeking.

Neurological Disorders and Use of Healthcare Services After Enteroviral Meningitis in Childhood: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Neurological Disorders and Use of Healthcare Services After Enteroviral Meningitis in Childhood: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider