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August 16, 2026Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Correlation between glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio and all-cause mortality in patients with pneumonia

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Authors

SWShidong WangMSMengYuan ShenHHHongyan Han

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Overview

Retrospective cohort study reveals elevated glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts increased 30-day and 360-day mortality in ICU pneumonia patients, highlighting its value for risk stratification.

Key Points

  • To assess the association between the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio and short- and long-term all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with pneumonia.
  • Analyzed retrospective data from the MIMIC-IV database on 4,049 ICU patients diagnosed with pneumonia.
  • Calculated the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) as log₂{[glucose (mg/dL) ÷ 18] ÷ [lymphocyte (×10⁹/L)]} and stratified patients into low (< 3.152, n = 2,091) and high (≥ 3.152, n = 1,958) groups via the Youden index.
  • Employed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, restricted cubic splines, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves combined with the SOFA score to evaluate prognostic accuracy.
  • High GLR (≥ 3.152) independently increased 30-day mortality risk (HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06–1.36) and 360-day mortality risk (HR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.10–1.33) compared to low GLR.
  • Continuous GLR demonstrated a linear relationship with mortality, with each one-unit increase raising 30-day mortality by 5% (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.10) and 360-day mortality by 6% (HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02–1.09).
  • Adding GLR to the standard SOFA score improved the area under the ROC curve from 0.625 to 0.719 for 30-day mortality and from 0.616 to 0.718 for 360-day mortality.

Cite This Study

Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8179cbf2fb91fc834ad2bdhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-65985-5
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