The "coincident discharges" in a 4π-counter have been examined and found to be due in the main to gas and wall back-scattering. This can be resolved into two components—scattering near to and far from the source. Curves have been obtained for the back-scattering of β radiation by the source-mounting film and for the absorption of the incident and back-scattered radiation. Back-scattering by the film is shown to be great enough to introduce a large error into the "sandwich" method which is currently in use for correcting for source-mount absorption.
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Brian D. Pate (1955) studied this question.
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