Key result
In patients with heart failure, anorexia was associated with impaired functional capacity and higher mortality over a mean follow-up of 22.5 months (P=0.03).
Why the study?
Is anorexia associated with impaired functional capacity and increased mortality in patients with chronic heart failure?
Cohort (n=166)
Is anorexia associated with impaired functional capacity and increased mortality in patients with chronic heart failure?
p-value: p=0.03
Anorexia is prevalent in heart failure patients and is associated with inflammation, cachexia, loop diuretic use, worse functional capacity, and increased mortality.
Anorexia signals higher-risk HF patients; hypothesis-generating for interventions targeting nutrition or inflammation.
Aims We aimed to assess determinants of anorexia, that is loss of appetite in patients with heart failure (HF) and aimed to further elucidate the association between anorexia, functional capacity, and outcomes in affected patients. Methods and results We assessed anorexia status among 166 patients with HF (25 female, 66 ± 12 years) who participated in the Studies Investigating Co-morbidities Aggravating HF. Anorexia was assessed by a 6-point Likert scale (ranging from 0 to 5), wherein values ≥1 indicate anorexia. Functional capacity was assessed as peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), 6 min walk test, and short physical performance battery test. A total of 57 patients (34%) reported any anorexia, and these patients showed lower values of peak VO2, 6 min walk distance, and short physical performance battery score (all P < 0.05). Using multivariate analysis adjusting for clinically important factors, only high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [odds ratio (OR) 1.24, P = 0.04], use of loop diuretics (OR 5.76, P = 0.03), and the presence of cachexia (OR 2.53, P = 0.04) remained independent predictors of anorexia. A total of 22 patients (13%) died during a mean follow-up of 22.5 ± 5.1 months. Kaplan-Meier curves for cumulative survival showed that those patients with anorexia presented higher mortality (Log-rank test P = 0.03). Conclusions Inflammation, use of loop diuretics, and cachexia are associated with an increased likelihood of anorexia in patients with HF, and patients with anorexia showed impaired functional capacity and poor outcomes.
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Saitoh et al. (2017) conducted a cohort in Chronic Heart Failure (n=166). Anorexia vs. No anorexia was evaluated on Mortality (p=0.03). In patients with heart failure, anorexia was associated with impaired functional capacity and higher mortality over a mean follow-up of 22.5 months (P=0.03).
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