Key result
Preoperative diabetes mellitus significantly increased the risk of developing early postoperative acute kidney injury following coronary artery bypass grafting (OR 13.752).
Why the study?
Diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for postoperative AKI after CABG, which increases morbidity and mortality, prompting an evaluation of its impact on AKI occurrence and severity.
Does the presence of diabetes mellitus increase the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting?
Cross-Sectional (n=60)
No
Does the presence of diabetes mellitus increase the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting?
Odds Ratio: 13.752 (95% CI 2.343–80.643)
Absolute Event Rate: 40% vs 13.33%
p-value: p=0.041
Diabetes mellitus is a strong independent predictor of acute kidney injury following coronary artery bypass grafting, leading to significantly prolonged ICU and hospital stays.
Background: DM is a known risk factor for developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). Postoperative AKI is associated with increased short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on the occurrence and severity of AKI following CABG. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of cardiac surgery, national institute of cardiovascular diseases (NICVD) on a total of 60 patients undergoing CABG. Postoperative serum creatinine was measured at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after surgery. Group A included 30 patients who were diabetic and Group B included 30 patients who were non-diabetic. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). A p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: During the observation period overall, 16 (26.67%) out of 60 patients developed postoperative AKI with varying severity. Among them, 12 patients were from diabetic group and only 4 patients belonged to non-diabetic group (40% vs. 13.33%, p<0.020). Consequently, duration of ICU stays (7.87±4.98.12 vs 4.13±2.65 days, p<0.001) and length of postoperative hospital stay (7.88±2.92 vs 13.0±4.95 days, p<0.001) were also found to be significantly prolonged in group A patients. Conclusion: The present study revealed that patients with diabetes mellitus were more susceptible to develop post CABG AKI in spite of having no pre-existing renal impairment.
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Haque et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Ischemic heart disease undergoing CABG (n=60). Diabetes Mellitus vs. Non-diabetic was evaluated on Early postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR 13.752, 95% CI 2.343-80.643, p=0.041). Preoperative diabetes mellitus significantly increased the risk of developing early postoperative acute kidney injury following coronary artery bypass grafting (OR 13.752).
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