July 4, 2025JACC AdvancesOpen Access

A Novel Electrocardiographic Approach for Accurate Diagnosis of Prior Inferior Myocardial Infarction

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Why the study?

The accuracy of diagnosing prior inferior wall myocardial infarction on the 12-lead ECG remains limited.

Does a novel ECG criteria using lead II Q-wave duration and amplitude ratio improve the diagnostic accuracy of prior inferior myocardial infarction compared to prevailing definitions?

Structured PICO

Does a novel ECG criteria using lead II Q-wave duration and amplitude ratio improve the diagnostic accuracy of prior inferior myocardial infarction compared to prevailing definitions?

Population

514 subjects (discovery n=329, validation n=185) with ECG-based diagnoses of prior inferior myocardial infarction (IMI) and at least 1 cardiac imaging test, randomly sampled from a health system-based cohort.

Intervention

Novel ECG criteria (lead II Q-wave duration >20 ms and/or amplitude ratio >0.2)

Comparator

Prevailing definition for electrocardiographic diagnosis of prior IMI

Outcome

Diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) for true-IMIsurrogate

Refined ECG lead II criteria (Q-wave duration >20 ms and/or amplitude ratio >0.2) substantially improves the diagnostic accuracy of prior inferior myocardial infarction, reducing false positives compared to prevailing definitions.

Limitations

need for large, multicenter studies to further define the optimal criteria

Implication

New ECG criteria may refine IMI diagnosis in ambiguous cases; leaves open need for prospective validation before practice change.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The accuracy of diagnosing prior inferior wall myocardial infarction (IMI) on the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) remains limited. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to use predictive model building to select the optimal ECG criteria specific to the diagnoses of true-IMI. METHODS: From an ongoing health system-based cohort study (n = 382,121), all consecutive subjects with ECG-based diagnoses of prior IMI (n = 9,676; 2019-2023) were assessed. Subjects with at least 1 cardiac imaging test performed were identified (n = 5,924). Discovery (2019-2022, n = 329) and validation (2023, n = 185) subgroups were identified by random sampling. Subjects with true- vs pseudo-IMI were identified from a combination of ECG and imaging. Logistic regression was used in the discovery cohort to identify ECG parameters associated with true-IMI, and optimal cutoff values were determined using the Youden Index. RESULTS: In the discovery sample, 209 subjects (63.5%) were identified as pseudo-IMI. A combination of lead II Q-wave duration >20 ms and/or amplitude ratio >0.2, derived from logistic regression and selected to optimize diagnostic performance while minimizing false negatives, improved sensitivity and specificity to 100.0% and 96.7%. The positive and negative predictive values were 94.5% and 100.0%, respectively. Findings were consistent in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Using the prevailing definition for electrocardiographic diagnosis of prior IMI had a significantly high rate of pseudo-IMI. Refinement using simple ECG lead II criteria substantially improved the accuracy of the ECG-based diagnosis. These findings have potential implications for clinical practice and highlight the need for large, multicenter studies to further define the optimal criteria for the ECG diagnosis of structural heart disease.