Highlights the challenges in diagnosing pediatric hypertension, the need for specific BP targets in high-risk subgroups, and the potential benefit of population-level salt restriction.
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Emphasizes individualized management in high-risk pediatric patients; leaves open the optimal blood pressure.
Paediatric hypertension predisposes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease in adult life. Despite clear guidelines, there remains a lack of screening. Diagnosis remains challenging given the high rate of false-positive high blood pressure (BP) readings at a single visit; thus, multiple visits are required to confirm the diagnosis. Depending on the normative data sets used, hypertension in overweight and obese children can be underestimated by up to 20%. Specific BP targets are required for subgroups such as adolescents, children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 1 diabetes. High dietary salt intake is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Given the rise in processed food consumption, children in developed nations are likely to benefit from salt restriction at a population-based level.
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Rowena Lalji (2017) studied this question.
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