Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Are Associated With Hypoxemia After Surgery for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: an Observational Study

Background: The aim of this study was to explore whether or to what extent metabolic syndrome (METs) and its components were associated with hypoxemia in acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) patients after surgery. Methods: This study involved 271 inpatients who underwent surgery. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Subgroup analysis, mixed model regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed, and a scoring system was evaluated. Results: The 271 inpatients were assigned to the hypoxemia group (n = 48) or no hypoxemia group (n = 223) regardless of METs status. Compared to the no hypoxemia group, the hypoxemia group had a higher incidence of METs. Hypoxemia was present in 0%, 3.7%, 19.8%, 51.5%, 90.0% and 100% in the groups of individuals who met the diagnostic criteria of MetS 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times, respectively. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, BMI quartile was still a risk factor for hypoxemia after adjustment for other risk factors. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, METs was an independent risk factor for hypoxemia in several models. After assigning a score for each METs component present, the AUCs were 0.852 (95% CI: 0.789–0.914) in all patients, 0.728 (95% CI: 0.573–0.882) in patients with METs and 0.744 (95% CI: 0.636–0.853) in patients without METs according to receiver operating characteristic analysis. Conclusions: METs, especially body mass index, confers a greater risk of hypoxemia in ATAAD after surgery.