Why the study?
Does three-dimensional TEE improve the morphological and physiological evaluation of patent foramen ovale compared to standard two-dimensional TEE?
Does three-dimensional TEE improve the morphological and physiological evaluation of patent foramen ovale compared to standard two-dimensional TEE?
This study aims to explore the feasibility of 3D TEE for evaluating PFO morphology and physiology, potentially overcoming the limitations of standard 2D TEE.
3D TEE feasibility for PFO assessment needs validation; leaves open whether it improves evaluation over 2D TEE.
Patent foramen ovale (PFO),a congenital cardiac lesion that persists into adulthood,has become the subject of much clinical interest.PFO has been implicated in several serious clinical syndromes,including paradoxical systemic emboli (which contribute to ischemic stroke),myocardial infarction,and complications of pulmonary embolism.Currently,two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the standard procedure for diagnosing PFO.The diameter and contrast score have been used to size the PFO.1 None of these techniques is optimal as they are all indirect ways of measuring PFOs.Few data exist on the relation between stroke risk,anatomical characteristics,and physiological behavior.The purpose of our study therefore was to explore the clinical feasibility of sizing or displaying the morphology and physiological behavior of PFOs using three-dimensional TEE.
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Ya-qi et al. (2014) studied this question.
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