Key result
Infarct size reduction by postconditioning was attenuated in rat hearts with coronary stenosis, but daily carvedilol treatment restored this cardioprotective effect, reducing infarct size to 48.2%.
Why the study?
Does carvedilol treatment restore the infarct size reduction by postconditioning in rat hearts with coronary stenosis?
Does carvedilol treatment restore the infarct size reduction by postconditioning in rat hearts with coronary stenosis?
Carvedilol treatment restores the cardioprotective effect of postconditioning on infarct size in rat hearts with coronary stenosis, independent of ERK and Akt pathway activation.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Carvedilol may restore postconditioning cardioprotection in stenotic models; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective trials before clinical consideration.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess whether and how infarct size (IS) reduction by postconditioning is modified in the heart with coronary stenosis (CS), and how beta-blocker treatment affects it. METHODS AND RESULTS: The IS was assessed by 30-min acute coronary occlusion and 24-h reperfusion in rat hearts in which CS had been induced. Modification of IS by postconditioning and the effects of daily carvedilol treatment were measured, together with reperfusion injury - salvage kinase activities. Four weeks after CS induction, any reduction of IS by postconditioning was lost, whereas it reduced IS in rats without CS. In the hearts without CS, postconditioning activated both the ERK and Akt pathway. However, in the hearts with CS, postconditioning failed to do so. In hearts with CS plus daily carvedilol treatment, postconditioning reduced IS compared with the hearts without carvedilol, although postconditioning did not activate the Akt and ERK pathways. CONCLUSION: CS impaired Akt and ERK activation, resulting in a failure to reduce IS by postconditioning. Carvedilol treatment restored the IS reduction by postconditioning, possibly via other mechanism(s) of the ERK and Akt pathways.
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Oikawa et al. (2008) studied Myocardial infarction with coronary stenosis (n=64). Postconditioning and Carvedilol vs. No postconditioning / No carvedilol was evaluated on Infarct size as a percentage of the area at risk (IS/AAR) (p=<0.05). Infarct size reduction by postconditioning was attenuated in rat hearts with coronary stenosis, but daily carvedilol treatment restored this cardioprotective effect, reducing infarct size to 48.2%.
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