Why the study?
Urinary Dickkopf-3 is associated with kidney disease progression and AKI, but its associations with cardiovascular disease, kidney, and mortality outcomes in nondiabetic CKD were unexplored.
Are elevated urinary Dickkopf-3 levels independently associated with cardiovascular and kidney events in patients with hypertension and nondiabetic CKD?
Are elevated urinary Dickkopf-3 levels independently associated with cardiovascular and kidney events in patients with hypertension and nondiabetic CKD?
Urinary Dickkopf-3 levels do not provide independent prognostic value for cardiovascular or kidney outcomes beyond eGFR and albuminuria in patients with hypertension and nondiabetic CKD.
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uDKK3 adds no independent prognostic value beyond eGFR and albuminuria in hypertensive nondiabetic CKD; leaves open its utility in other populations.
Peschard et al. (2024) studied this question.
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