Immunization with Live Types 7 and 4 Adenovirus Vaccines. II. Antibody Response and Protective Effect against Acute Respiratory Disease Due to Adenovirus Type 7

The antigenicity and protective effect of live, oral adenovirus type 7 (ADV-7) vaccine given simultaneously with the live, oral adenovirus type 4 (ADV-4) vaccine was evaluated in trainees at Fort Dix, New Jersey, during an outbreak of acute respiratory disease (ARD) due to ADV-7. The study was done in one cohort of six companies; by random selection, 20% of the men received both ADV-7 and ADV-4 vaccines (test group), and 80% received a placebo and ADV-4 vaccine (control group). No untoward reactions were noted. Eighty-six percent of trainees in the test group who lacked neutralizing (N) antibody to both types of adenoviruses developed N antibody to ADV-7 after immunization. No decrease in the antigenicity of the ADV-4 vaccine was evident when it was given with the ADV-7 vaccine. The rate of hospitalization due to ARD (47%) and the rate of ARD associated with ADV-7 (96%) were lower in the test group. This study confirmed the safety and antigenicity of ADV-7 vaccine when administered with ADV-4 vaccine and showed that the administration of the vaccines together protected against ARD associated with ADV-7.