An Analysis of the Associations of Polymorphic Variants of the LEPR (rs1137100), LRP5 (rs3736228), and LPL (rs320) Genes with the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a hereditary predisposed multifactorial disease. However, the genetic mechanisms of its development have not been fully revealed yet. We conducted a search for associations of polymorphic variants of the LEPR (rs1137100), LRP5 (rs3736228), and LPL (rs320) genes involved in the development of obesity with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The association with development of the disease was established for the T allele of the LRP5 locus (rs3736228) (p = 0.029, OR = 1.46). The rs1137100 locus (p = 0.032) of the LEPR gene was shown to be associated with the body mass index (BMI), but it was not connected with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk markers of development of type 2 diabetes included the T allele of the rs3736228 locus of the LRP5 gene (OR = 1.74, p = 0.012) and the G allele of the rs320 locus of the LPL gene (OR = 1.39, p = 0.027). Statistically significant association was only found in the group of nonobese patients. A decrease in the level of low-density lipoprotein was observed in individuals with the TT genotype of the LPL locus (rs320) (p = 0.04). Individuals with the GT and GG genotypes of this locus had a lower cholesterol level (p = 0.027). A decrease in the level of BMI (p = 0.012) and a decrease in the concentration of triglycerides in the blood (p = 0.00000004) were detected in carriers of the CC genotype of the LRP5 rs3736228 locus.