The role of nitric oxide in the dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) column in cardiovascular responses in urethane‐anesthetized male rats

Figures

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  FIGURE 1. Sample recordings after microinjection of L‐NAME into the dmPAG. HR, heart rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PBP, pulsative blood pressure.

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  FIGURE 2. Time course of ∆SBP (A), ∆MAP (B), and ∆HR (C), after microinjection of saline, L‐NAME, L‐Arg, L‐NAME+L‐Arg, and SNP into the dmPAG. L‐NAME: N G‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester; a NOS inhibitor, L‐Arg: L‐arginine, a NO precursor, SNP: sodium nitroprusside, a NO donor. Statistical analysis: repeated measures ANOVA; n = 7. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 compared to control. + p < 0.05; ++ p < 0.01; +++ p < 0.001 compared to L‐NAME. # p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001 compared to L‐NAME+L‐Arg.

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  FIGURE 3. Peak changes in cardiovascular responses after microinjection of the L‐NAME, L‐Arg, L‐Arg + L‐NAME, and SNP into the dmPAG. Statistical analysis: one‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test, n = 7. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 compared to control. + p < 0.05; ++ p < 0.01; +++ p < 0.001 compared to L‐NAME. # p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001 compared to L‐NAME+L‐Arg.

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  FIGURE 4. Sample recordings after microinjection of L‐arginine into the dmPAG. HR, heart rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PBP, pulsative blood pressure.

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  FIGURE 5. Sample recordings after co‐injection of L‐NAME+L‐Arg into the dmPAG. HR, heart rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PBP, pulsative blood pressure.

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  FIGURE 6. Sample recordings after microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) into the dmPAG. HR, heart rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PBP, pulsative blood pressure.