Why the study?
Excessive salt intake is a foremost controllable chronic disease risk factor, prompting evaluation of short-term modest salt reduction with the CM-DASH diet in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes.
Does 52% low-sodium salt combined with the CM-DASH diet improve sodium/potassium intake and blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes?
Does 52% low-sodium salt combined with the CM-DASH diet improve sodium/potassium intake and blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes?
The addition of 52% low-sodium salt to the CM-DASH diet did not yield statistically significant differences in blood pressure or sodium intake reduction compared to the CM-DASH diet with normal salt over an 8-week period.
May support short-term BP control via CM-DASH plus salt reduction in hypertensive T2DM; hypothesis-generating, larger trials needed before practice change.
Objective Excessive salt intake is currently the foremost universal risk factor for controllable chronic disease. This study evaluated the short-term effects of a modest salt intake reduction combined with the Chinese Modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (CM-DASH) diet on sodium and potassium intake, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP) in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes.Methods Sixty-one participants were randomized to the intervention group (52% low-sodium salt and DASH) and control group (normal salt and DASH). An 8-week dietary intervention was applied. Daily salt intake, blood pressure (BP), and drug use were recorded every week. Twenty-four-hour urine, casual urine, and blood samples were measured at baseline, the 4th week, and the end of the intervention.Results Fifty-nine patients (25 men) completed the entire study. Sodium intake decreased by 1259.66 (792.76, 1726.56)/705.80 (149.21, 1262.39) mg/day after 4 weeks (intervention: P < .001; control: P = .015). Potassium intake increased by 641.14 (73.31, 1208.96)/43.43 (−259.66, 346.53) mg/day (intervention: P = .028); MAP decreased by 9.06 (6.69, 11.43)/7.16 (4.03, 10.28) mmHg (both: P < .001); PP decreased by 7.97 (3.05, 12.88)/5.74 (2.55,8.94) mmHg (intervention: P = .002; control: P = .001) after 8 weeks. However, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusion Modest salt reduction and the CM-DASH diet for hypertensive patients with type II diabetes can achieve short-term salt reduction effects. The effect on changing salt-eating habits needs to be investigated with an extended follow-up.
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Chen et al. (2022) studied this question.
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