Why the study?
Does the presence of plaques at the left coronary bifurcation alter wall shear stress and pressure gradient in coronary side branches in simulated models?
Does the presence of plaques at the left coronary bifurcation alter wall shear stress and pressure gradient in coronary side branches in simulated models?
Computational fluid dynamics modeling demonstrates that coronary plaques at bifurcations decrease wall shear stress and increase wall pressure stress gradients in side branches, potentially influencing atherosclerotic progression.
Plaque-altered side-branch hemodynamics in models; leaves open relevance to human bifurcation atherosclerosis progression.
In this study, we investigate plaques located at the left coronary bifurcation. We focus on the effect that the resulting changes in wall shear stress (WSS) and wall pressure stress gradient (WPSG) have on atherosclerotic progress in coronary artery disease. Coronary plaques were simulated and placed at the left main stem and the left anterior descending to produce >50% narrowing of the coronary lumen. Computational fluid dynamics analysis was carried out, simulating realistic physiological conditions that show the in vivo cardiac haemodynamic. WSS and WPSG in the left coronary artery were calculated and compared in the left coronary models, with and without the presence of plaques during cardiac cycles. Our results showed that WSS decreased while WPSG was increased in coronary side branches due to the presence of plaques. There is a direct correlation between coronary plaques and subsequent WSS and WPSG variations based on the bifurcation plaques simulated in the realistic coronary models.
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Chaichana et al. (2012) studied this question.
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