Risks of acute renal failure after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in children: a retrospective 10-year case-control study

234 children (58 cases, 176 matched controls) selected from a cohort of 2262 children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery from 1982 to 1991. Cases developed acute renal failure requiring peritoneal dialysis. Median age of cases 8.5 months.

Hemodynamic alterations and inotrope use (central venous hypertension >12 h, systolic arterial hypotension >12 h, dopamine >15 μg/kg/min, adrenaline, isoproterenol)

Children who did not develop acute renal failure, matched for age, cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest duration, and year of operation

Acute renal failure requiring peritoneal dialysishard clinical