Key result
A network-based computational analysis identified 236 distinct differentially expressed genes common between cardiomyopathy and its risk factors, revealing 10 hub proteins as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
Why the study?
Mechanisms underlying cardiomyopathy development are poorly understood despite clear links to lifestyle risk factors, prompting the identification of molecular biomarkers involved in inflammatory cardiomyopathy.
This computational systems biology analysis identifies shared genetic signatures, hub proteins, and regulatory networks between cardiomyopathy and lifestyle risk factors, providing potential novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Cardiomyopathy (CMP) is a group of myocardial diseases that progressively impair cardiac function. The mechanisms underlying CMP development are poorly understood, but lifestyle factors are clearly implicated as risk factors. This study aimed to identify molecular biomarkers involved in inflammatory CMP development and progression using a systems biology approach. The authors analysed microarray gene expression datasets from CMP and tissues affected by risk factors including smoking, ageing factors, high body fat, clinical depression status, insulin resistance, high dietary red meat intake, chronic alcohol consumption, obesity, high-calorie diet and high-fat diet. The authors identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from each dataset and compared those from CMP and risk factor datasets to identify common DEGs. Gene set enrichment analyses identified metabolic and signalling pathways, including MAPK, RAS signalling and cardiomyopathy pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified protein subnetworks and ten hub proteins (CDK2, ATM, CDT1, NCOR2, HIST1H4A, HIST1H4B, HIST1H4C, HIST1H4D, HIST1H4E and HIST1H4L). Five transcription factors (FOXC1, GATA2, FOXL1, YY1, CREB1) and five miRNAs were also identified in CMP. Thus the authors' approach reveals candidate biomarkers that may enhance understanding of mechanisms underlying CMP and their link to risk factors. Such biomarkers may also be useful to develop new therapeutics for CMP.
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Haidar et al. (2019) studied Cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy risk factors (aging, smoking, depression, insulin resistance, red meat intake, alcohol consumption, obesity, high-calorie diet, high-fat diet) vs. Control samples from respective datasets was evaluated on Identification of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub proteins. A network-based computational analysis identified 236 distinct differentially expressed genes common between cardiomyopathy and its risk factors, revealing 10 hub proteins as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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