Clinical Status and Outcome of Japanese Heart Failure Patients With Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction Treated With Carvedilol

1,682 Japanese heart failure patients (1,492 analyzed with baseline LVEF measurements) receiving carvedilol for the first time, mean age 66.8 years, 31.2% female. The cohort included patients with reduced EF (LVEF < 40%; n = 724), borderline EF (LVEF 40-50%; n = 355), and preserved EF (LVEF ≥ 50%; n = 413).

Carvedilol (mean maintenance dose 7.9 mg/day for reduced EF, 6.6 mg/day for borderline EF, and 6.6 mg/day for preserved EF) added to standard therapy.

Patients with reduced ejection fraction (LVEF < 40%) and borderline ejection fraction (LVEF 40-50%) receiving carvedilol.

Composite of death or hospitalization due to cardiovascular disease.composite